Read now and discover the best weight loss capsules on the market. All natural supplements were selected based on scientific research, ensuring safety and effectiveness.
- Hibiscus
- What it is: Hibiscus is a plant (Hibiscus sabdariffa). Its tea is a herbal medicine widely used by those who want to lose weight and is made from its flowers. In addition to helping with weight loss, it’s a great ally for those with high blood pressure, high cholesterol, circulation problems, and swelling, among other issues.
- How it works: A literature review study demonstrated the effectiveness of Hibiscus in weight loss, concluding that it reduces body weight, lipid accumulation, and total cholesterol metabolism in animal and human studies because it has incredible phytochemical properties and is effective in inhibiting pancreatic lipases and adipocyte differentiation. It can be used in the treatment of various diseases such as obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, among others (1).
- Effectiveness: A study with rats demonstrated the prebiotic and probiotic potential of Hibiscus in weight loss and also in metabolic syndrome. Its beneficial effects on obesity and its complications were positive, through polyphenol extracts from the plant. The rats were induced to obesity, and the extract was administered daily orally for 42 days. As a result, there was an improvement in glucose tolerance, cholesterol levels, liver function was enhanced, and intestinal integrity was strengthened (2).
- Side Effects: Individuals with severe heart conditions should limit their consumption, as should pregnant and breastfeeding women (3). Care should be taken with high consumption, as Hibiscus can alter a woman’s fertility (it has a high anti-estrogenic action), causing temporary infertility (4). Some people may experience abdominal pain (5).
- Conclusion: The use of Hibiscus should be controlled, and it offers many benefits regarding weight loss.
- Chia
- What it is: Chia seeds are edible seeds from Salvia hispanica, a plant very common in America. It has large amounts of fatty acids such as Omega 3, 6, and 9 in its composition, making it excellent in the treatment of type two diabetes and for those with cardiovascular problems. Chia is also used by those looking to lose weight healthily.
- How it works: Chia is a food that has large amounts of unsaturated fatty acids (Omega 3, 6, and 9), soluble dietary fiber, proteins, and phytochemicals, possessing very high nutritional and therapeutic value. Therefore, it is used in the prevention of various diseases such as obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes (6).
- Effectiveness: A double-blind study with 77 overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, following a calorie-restricted diet for six months. One group received 30 g/1000 kcal/day of chia, the other 36 g/1000 kcal/day of an oat bran-based control. This study concluded that chia, in promoting weight loss and improving obesity-related risk factors, was beneficial and maintained good glycemic control (7).
- Side Effects: In a study with mice, no side effects were described, only benefits, such as the preventive potential against tumor cells (8).
- Conclusion: Chia is an excellent option for those who want to lose weight healthily, but moderation is key!
- Saffron
- What it is: Saffron has been used since ancient times as a spice, especially in the Mediterranean. It is extracted from the flowers of Crocus sativus. It has natural bioactive components that have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory power, improve brain function and cognition, and reduce the risk of diseases.
- How it works: Saffron is a source of polyphenols and plant carotenoids, widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of different diseases for centuries. It has wonderful antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties, thus reducing inflammation. It can modulate obesity and associated metabolic disorders, and may be useful in the prevention, control, and/or management of overweight and obesity in individuals (9).
- Effectiveness: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study with 75 patients (36 in treatment and 39 placebo) evaluated the lipid, glycemic, and antioxidant profile of saffron in overweight and obese individuals with pre-diabetes. The pre-diabetic patients were randomly assigned to receive saffron pills (15 mg/day) or placebo for eight weeks. Saffron supplementation may improve glycemic and antioxidant indices in overweight and obese individuals with pre-diabetes, but no effects were found on lipid and anthropometric indices (10). However, in the study mentioned above, saffron proved beneficial for weight loss due to crocin, which has hypolipidemic potential.
- Side Effects: Despite being very beneficial to health, some studies have found some side effects such as the suppression of platelet aggregation, the appearance of contact dermatitis and urticaria (11).
- Conclusion: Saffron is an excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent and can be used in the weight loss process.
- Spirulina
- What it is: Spirulina is a supplement obtained from cyanobacteria, better known as blue-green algae. It is used as a food supplement because it is an excellent source of vitamins, minerals, proteins, and amino acids, so it is widely used by people who exercise and those who want to lose weight.
- How it works: Spirulina is antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, probiotic, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and antihypertensive. It contains phenolic compounds, phycocyanins, and polysaccharides in its composition. It is safe in healthy individuals (12).
- Effectiveness: A study done with obese mice induced by a high-fat diet (which predisposes to metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and atherosclerosis) showed improvement in obesity by reducing adipogenesis and activating the thermogenic program (13).
- Side Effects: Several studies conducted with Spirulina in rats and pigs have shown no side effects/toxic effects (14, 15, 16).
- Conclusion: Spirulina is a good choice for those who want to lose weight healthily due to its beneficial effects on health.
- Camellia sinensis
- What it is: Camellia sinensis, also known as “tisane or Indian tea,” is a medicinal plant with important health properties. It is used to produce green tea and even red tea and is rich in caffeine, a substance that helps in the weight loss process. In addition, Camellia sinensis is anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, helps maintain alertness, and is beneficial for immunity.
- How it works: Green tea has hypolipidemic and anti-obesity effects in animals and humans because it plays an important role in fat metabolism, reducing food intake, interrupting emulsification and lipid absorption, suppressing adipogenesis and lipid synthesis, thus increasing body thermogenesis, fat oxidation, and fecal fat excretion (17). It has an antioxidant effect due to its polyphenols (mainly: epigallocatechin-3-gallate – EGCG), which also have dietary effects (18).
- Effectiveness: A study conducted with mice fed a high-fat diet and supplemented with green tea polyphenol (epigallocatechin-3-gallate – EGCG) for 16 weeks showed a decrease in body weight, attenuated insulin resistance and cytoplasmic cholesterol, and much more (19). Studies with humans demonstrate the effectiveness of green tea in the weight loss process (20).
- Side Effects: High doses of green tea can have adverse side effects and should not be taken by pregnant women, breastfeeding women, the elderly, and children. In high doses, green tea can cause changes in the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, blood pressure, calcium homeostasis, sleep quality, and motor control, also causing irritability (21, 22).
- Conclusion: As long as its use is conscious, green tea brings many benefits to those looking to lose weight healthily.
- Goji Berry
- What it is: Goji Berry is the fruit of Lycium barbarum. It has great antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, helps in the treatment of cellulite, strengthens the immune system because it is rich in vitamin C, balances cholesterol levels, and protects the heart and brain. When consuming Goji Berry, there is a balance in glucose release, causing the pancreas to work succinctly in releasing insulin, making the body’s fat used as energy.
- How it works: Goji Berry is a fruit that has bioactive components with antioxidant power (phenolic compounds, organic acids, and vitamins), carotenoids, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties, and has the therapeutic potential to reverse metabolic syndrome in obese or overweight individuals. A study with Wistar rats fed a high-calorie (carbohydrate) diet showed normalization of insulinemia, hepatic sensitivity, and weight loss (23).
- Effectiveness: A study conducted with 18 elderly women who consumed dehydrated Goji Berry fruits and capsules with its extract showed a loss in waist circumference, body fat percentage, and improved intestinal motility. It is important to state that in this study, the conclusion is that there is a need for lifestyle changes (dietary re-education + exercise) for the change to be seen (24).
- Side Effects: Some care should be taken with the ingestion of Goji Berry, as it can lead to allergies in sensitized individuals and may also have some drug interaction with antiplatelet drugs, reducing their efficiency (25).
- Conclusion: Goji Berry is an excellent antioxidant and can help in the weight loss process, as long as it is consumed wisely.
- Psyllium
- What it is: Psyllium is a soluble fiber extracted from the husks of an Asian plant called Plantago ovata. It is used commercially for the production of mucilages and gums. Psyllium is widely used as dietary fiber because it prevents constipation or mild diarrhea, thus contributing to the regulation of intestinal function. As it is hygroscopic, upon reaching the intestine, it absorbs excess water, thus increasing the volume of feces, stimulating peristalsis, and facilitating the passage of contents.
- How it works: Psyllium husk is rich in neutral and acidic polysaccharides containing galacturonic acid with a proportion of soluble and insoluble fiber. Foods such as breads, breakfast cereals, pasta, among others, can be enriched with Psyllium, especially when it comes to the diet of obese children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes and/or hypercholesterolemia. This study concluded that Psyllium improved glucose homeostasis and lipid and lipoprotein profiles (26).
- Effectiveness: A literature review study (PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar) found no significant effect in the reviewed articles regarding BMI and waist circumference (27). Another study done with male rats for five weeks showed the same results as the cited review, but when L-ascorbic acid was added to Psyllium leaves, there was a decrease in body weight and an increase in total fecal weight and fecal fat excretion (28).
- Side Effects: No scientific studies were found that pointed to side effects from Psyllium consumption.
- Conclusion: Psyllium helps in the process for diabetic and hypercholesterolemic individuals.
- Green Coffee
- What it is: Green Coffee is a food supplement that usually comes in capsule form. Its production is through the extract of coffee beans that have not undergone the roasting process, having their properties purer and more intact. It contains more caffeine than roasted beans, helping with thermogenesis and concentration.
- How it works: Green coffee is a functional food that is being associated with a reduced risk of various diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia. It has bioactives that promote antioxidant and thermogenic activity such as caffeine, theobromine, theophylline, tannins, flavonoids, and chlorogenic acid. It reduces the absorption of sugars, causing the body to start using accumulated fat as an energy source, so it is an excellent reducer of body fat and has an anti-diabetic effect (29).
- Effectiveness: A study conducted with 67 Brazilian volunteers, with or without diabetes, evaluated the effects of green coffee (101 to 400 mL), finding a protective effect against type 2 diabetes (30). A study done with obese individuals treated with green coffee and placebo showed that those who used green tea obtained twice smaller differences in BMI and body mass, as well as a decrease in insulin resistance, a decrease in blood pressure, and abdominal obesity (31).
- Side Effects: Insomnia (32), stomach irritation, increased heart rate, restlessness, and anxiety.
- Conclusion: Use green coffee wisely. At workout time or in the morning. It helps with weight loss but can cause insomnia and restlessness.
- Chromium Picolinate
- What it is: Chromium Picolinate is a mineral nutritional supplement with the chemical formula CrPic₃. It is generally used to treat type 2 diabetes and athletes who need to lose body fat and increase muscle mass. It acts on insulin metabolism, thus increasing its permeability and increasing glucose uptake by muscle tissue cells during physical exercise.
- How it works: Chromium is a mineral highly necessary to maintain body homeostasis. It acts in carbohydrate metabolism by improving glucose tolerance, increasing protein metabolism, and contributing to the gain of body mass, helping in calorie expenditure, reduction of cholesterol and triglycerides (33).
- Effectiveness: In a study with obese male Wistar rats supplemented with Chromium Picolinate (PiCr) and subjected to Resistance Training (RT). They were divided into three groups (Control, Control supplemented with PiCr; Control subjected to RT, Control supplemented with PiCr subjected to RT, Obese; Obese supplemented with PiCr, Obese subjected to RT, and Obese supplemented with PiCr subjected to RT). In conclusion, RT associated with PiCr supplementation in the condition of obesity was not able to modify body composition (34).
- Side Effects: There is evidence from studies that point to kidney and liver damage, with the same being administered in conjunction with another drug (33), and also that it causes impairment in myocardial relaxation (34).
- Conclusion: More studies are needed on the interaction of Chromium Picolinate with weight loss.
- L-Carnitine
- What it is: Levocarnitine is one of the most sought-after sports supplements because it acts in almost all body cells as an energy producer from fatty acids. It is naturally synthesized by the liver and kidneys from amino acids (mainly lysine and methionine), is present in some foods (mainly fish and meat), and is stored mainly in the muscles. Carnitine plays an important role in the body as it is responsible for the transport of fats and their transformation into energy and the decrease of glucose in the blood.
- How it works: L-Carnitine is an amine naturally produced by the body through diet, acting on lipid metabolism by transporting them from the cytoplasm to the mitochondrial matrix, where they will be oxidized. It helps in the health of physically active individuals, so a change in lifestyle is necessary (35).
- Effectiveness: A review conducted, when associated with antioxidants, showed that Carnitine improves the lipid profile and its metabolism in humans, and may improve exercise performance (36).
- Side Effects: No side effects of L-Carnitine use were found in the literature.
- Conclusion: L-Carnitine helps in weight loss for individuals who practice physical exercise.
- Garcinia
- What it is: Garcinia is a phytotherapeutic product originating from Tamarind. It is used as a natural appetite suppressant. Its peel contains hydroxycitric acid (HCA), which is a substance capable of acting on the synthesis of fat and carbohydrates, reducing fat absorption. It is a powerful antioxidant and contains garcinol, vitamin C, and antacids in its composition.
- How it works: Garcinia contains hydroxycitric acid in its composition, which helps in reducing the biosynthesis of fatty acids and lipogenesis, increasing the production and release of serotonin in the brain, thus causing a feeling of satiety, as well as inhibiting pancreatic alpha-amylase and intestinal alpha-glucosidase, reducing carbohydrate metabolism (37).
- Effectiveness: A literature review of the effects of Garcinia was conducted through articles published in LILACS-BIREME, Scielo, and Medline were selected, where some analyzed works showed positive effects on the process of body fat loss, triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, and lipogenesis process, while others did not. The dosage is not yet clear, but the weight loss process has already been proven (38).
- Side Effects: No side effects of L-Carnitine use were found in the literature.
- Conclusion: Garcinia helps in weight loss. More studies need to be done on the best doses and side effects.
- Cactinea
- What it is: Also known as prickly pear, Garcinia has a unique combination of antioxidant and diuretic vitamins and minerals, as well as amino acids (cysteine and taurine). Its high antioxidant power is due to glutathione, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and betalains.
- How it works: Cactinea has diuretic and antioxidant properties and is indicated for weight loss and cell protection against the oxidative effects of free radicals. It acts on the lymphatic system, preventing fluid retention and fat accumulation (39).
- Effectiveness: A study was conducted with Cactinea regarding its diuretic and antioxidant effects in Wistar rats. Its use was carried out for seven days, at a dose of 240 mg/Kg/day. Daily measurements of body weight, glutathione peroxidase, and volume were performed, as well as the concentration of urine, sodium, uric acid, and potassium in the urine. The diuretic potential of Cactinea and the significant reduction in body weight of the rats were observed, and it demonstrated its antioxidant potential in relation to the excretion of metabolites (40). Another study conducted on 25 women with a BMI between <25 – 26 for nine days showed that diuresis was increased by 27%, with a 68% reduction in the feeling of bloating, helping in the loss of 1.9 cm in hip measurements, slimming them down (41).
- Side Effects: No side effects registered in the laboratory and approved by ANVISA (Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency).
- Conclusion: Cactinea is an excellent antioxidant that helps in the weight loss process.
- Phaseolamin
- What it is: Phaseolamin is a glycoprotein extracted from beans. It functions as an inhibitor of human alpha-amylase, which is better known as a “starch blocker,” meaning it blocks the transformation of starch into glucose, reducing its rate in the blood. With the inhibition of alpha-amylase, starches are not digested and are sent directly to the intestine, where they are eliminated through feces.
- How it works: A study demonstrated the dietary effectiveness of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), being potent antioxidants, antidiabetic, antiobesity, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, and anticarcinogenic (42).
- Effectiveness: The study conducted with humans showed a reduction in BMI and adipose tissue in 60 overweight participants who received a high-carbohydrate diet (Phaseolamin). In overweight individuals on a high-carbohydrate diet (2,000 – 2,200 Kcal), there was significant weight loss in 30 days (43).
- Side Effects: Phaseolamin is contraindicated for pregnant women and insulin-dependent individuals. There are some cases where Phaseolamin can cause diarrhea, especially if it is the first day of use or if there is abuse of it (overdose) in diets that contain only starch.
- Conclusion: Phaseolamin is a safe and natural way for those who want to lose weight.
- Pholia Negra
- What it is: Popularly known as yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis), Pholia Negra has been used for centuries by the natives of South America for its stimulating, antioxidant, and body-protecting properties.
- How it works: Yerba mate acts by suppressing adipocyte differentiation and triglyceride accumulation, thus reducing inflammation. It modulates the signaling pathways that regulate adipogenesis, insulin, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant responses, showing positive points regarding weight loss in humans and animals (44).
- Effectiveness: In studies with Wistar rats, which were divided into four groups (Control + Feed, Control + Feed + Yerba Mate Extract, High Saturated Fat Diet, and High Saturated Fat Diet + Yerba Mate Extract). The groups that received yerba mate extract showed its anti-inflammatory effect, demonstrating that yerba mate extract is efficient in reducing inflammation associated with obesity (45).
- Side Effects: In high doses, yerba mate can cause insomnia, abdominal pain, nervousness, nausea, and vomiting. In addition, its use is contraindicated for people with epilepsy, insomnia, nervousness, gastritis, and peptic ulcers (46).
- Conclusion: Yerba mate helps in the weight loss process, but care is needed with the doses ingested per day.
- Bitter Orange
- What it is: Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium) is a phytotherapeutic agent of Asian origin that helps regulate adipogenesis and thermogenesis and is used as an adjunct in the weight loss process because it contains synephrine in its composition.
- How it works: The synephrine contained in Bitter Orange is an adrenergic alkaloid that stimulates the transformation of body fat into energy, being a potent natural weight loss aid, helping in the weight loss of obese individuals and in its control. Through Thermogenesis, there is lipolysis and the transformation of accumulated fat into energy. In addition, Bitter Orange is a natural anxiolytic (47).
- Effectiveness: A study conducted on obese mice induced by a high-fat diet, with the administration of Bitter Orange in their diets for eight weeks, showed a significant decrease in body weight and adipose tissue and serum cholesterol, as well as an increase in thermogenesis and a decrease in adipocytes (48).
- Side Effects: Foods that have synephrine in their composition can have cardiovascular effects (blood pressure and heart rate) (49).
- Conclusion: Bitter Orange is a phytotherapeutic agent that can be used for weight loss and to calm. Care should be taken with its side effects if you have any cardiovascular problems.
- Chitosan
- What it is: Chitosan is a natural remedy (a deacetylated chitin) extracted from the shells of crustaceans and is considered a natural supplement. It acts as a fiber inside the body, creating a kind of gel that lines the stomach. With this, Chitosan absorbs fat molecules from food, which are eliminated along with the gel through feces.
- How it works: In a study conducted with rats with obesity induced by a high-fat diet, they were subjected to eight weeks of Chitosan. Hepatic expressions of the leptin signaling pathway (JAK2-STAT3) and gene expressions of targets related to adipogenesis were also determined. Chitosan can regulate body weight gain, lipids, alanine, aspartate aminotransferase serum aminotransferase, as well as regulate liver sterol, decreasing adipogenesis (50).
- Effectiveness: A study conducted with Wistar rats (16 females and 16 males, totaling 32 subjects) were divided into four groups (Control, Control with 5% Chitosan Supplementation, Hypercaloric, and Hypercaloric with 5% Chitosan Supplementation Control), with 71 days of treatment duration. There was a reduction in body mass in the group treated with 5% Chitosan, but it was not statistically significant (51). However, a review study with obese and overweight patients (fourteen trials with a total of 1,131 participants) showed that Chitosan is more effective than the placebo group in the short-term treatment of overweight and obesity, with more studies needed for confirmation (52).
- Side Effects: This natural supplement was created to establish more efficient therapeutic alternatives and has low toxicity in mammals and fewer harmful effects on the environment (53).
- Conclusion: More studies are needed to establish the weight-loss potential of Chitosan.
- Safflower Oil
- What it is: It is a phytotherapeutic oil extracted from the Carthamus tinctorius plant, which acts directly on the stomach and intestines, inhibiting ghrelin, the hormone responsible for appetite control.
- How it works: Safflower Yellow is one of the main substances present in Safflower Oil. It plays an important anti-inflammatory role and inhibits thrombus formation. A study done with obese mice induced to treatment with Safflower Yellow demonstrated its antiglycemic power, insulin sensitivity, and decrease in body weight, potentially being an effective drug for the treatment of obesity and diabetes (54).
- Effectiveness: Safflower Oil is considered a “good lipid” that reduces appetite and visceral fat. In another study conducted on 40 male rats distributed into four groups (Sedentary Control, Exercised Control, Sedentary Safflower Oil, and Exercised Safflower Oil), performing exercises or not (running on an automatic treadmill for 45 minutes) and receiving or not Safflower Oil (1mL/100g) for four weeks. As a result, the Exercised Safflower Oil group showed lower BMI and abdominal and thoracic circumference, as well as body weight and lipids when compared to the others, demonstrating the effectiveness of Safflower Oil associated with physical exercise (55).
- Side Effects: The use of safflower oil may have deleterious effects on the lipid profile and health (56).
- Conclusion: Safflower Oil helps in the weight loss process, but care should be taken with the dosages.
- Coconut Oil
- What it is: Coconut Oil is a vegetable oil extracted from the pulp of the coconut fruit (Cocos nucifera L) that contains 90% fatty acids (caproic, caprylic, capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, and arachidic), being widely used in the cosmetic industry and, more recently, its use in gastronomy with a more “veggie” and natural approach has also been widely practiced.
- How it works: Coconut Oil has a Thermogenic action, thus accelerating the functioning of the body, also acting on the immune system, strengthening it. It is easily digested and absorbed for nutrients. Due to the fact that it is a medium-chain fatty acid, it is frequently used in the weight loss process and the treatment of obesity, as the lipids present in it are easily oxidized (57).
- Effectiveness: A study conducted with Thermogenics (Coconut Oil, Safflower, and CLA) did not show that Coconut Oil ensures the loss of body fat (58). Another review study gathered data collected from Pubmed, Scielo, and TripDatabase and concluded that studies with coconut oil are scarce and inconclusive (57).
- Side Effects: In excessive use, it can cause hypercholesterolemia (57).
- Conclusion: Care should be taken not to exaggerate the dose of Coconut Oil. More studies need to be done to address its anti-obesity potential.
- Caralluma
- What it is: Caralluma fimbriata is a succulent plant native to India that has been used for centuries by peoples as an appetite suppressant, and recently its extract and tea are being used for weight loss.
- How it works: Caralluma contains methylxanthines, which have a positive action on the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids in our body, thus stimulating lipolysis. In addition, there is the presence of saponins that inhibit the absorption of fats by the intestine (59). Furthermore, many of its species are used in the treatment of rheumatism, diabetes, leprosy, paralysis, and inflammations (60).
- Effectiveness: A review study highlighted the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and appetite-suppressing characteristics of Caralluma (60). Another study analyzed 89 obese and overweight individuals, who were divided into treatment (47 – 500 mg capsules/12 weeks) and control (42 – placebo), with no significant changes in their biochemical and clinical parameters (61).
- Side Effects: Its use is contraindicated for pregnant and breastfeeding women. Otherwise, there are no contraindications or described side effects.
- Conclusion: More studies are needed on the weight-loss potential of Caralluma.
- Horse Chestnut
- What it is: Horse Chestnut is the fruit of the horse chestnut tree and is widely used in traditional medicine against cardiovascular problems, menstrual cramps, swelling, poor circulation, dermatitis, pain, among others. It is widely used in aesthetics in fat-reducing creams.
- How it works: Because it contains escins (a mixture of triterpene glycosides obtained through the ethanolic extract of horse chestnut – a mixture of saponins), horse chestnut acts by inhibiting inflammatory processes and improves microcirculation, as well as having an anti-inflammatory action (62).
- Effectiveness: A study was done with mice fed a high-fat diet, treated with escins from horse chestnut seeds and a control group for five weeks, and showed that it decreased leptin levels, increased HDL concentration, although ineffective regarding LDL. It was concluded that more studies need to be done to understand its anti-obesity mechanism (63).
- Side Effects: Patients with a history of hypersensitivity and allergy to any of the components of the herbal medicine, for example, escins. It is not indicated for children as there is greater toxicity. There are isolated cases of nausea, pruritus, and gastric discomfort (64).
- Conclusion: More studies are needed on the anti-obesity potential of horse chestnut.